Glass-working machine and process of working glass.



R. W. CANFIELD.

GLASS WORKING MACHINE AND PROCESS- OF WORKING GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.20. l9l4. 1,260,637

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

13 SHEETS SHEEl I.

R. W. CANFIELDL GLASS WORKING MACHINE AND PROCESS OF WORKING GLASS.

APPLICATXON HLED AUG.20. I914.

1 ,2601537. Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

. 13 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

R. W. CANFIELD.

GLASS WORKING MACHINE AND PROCESS OF WORKING GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED A UG.20. 1914. 1,260,637.

wi hue-Mao Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

13 SHEETS-SHEEI 4.

R. w. CANFIELD. GLASS WORKING MACHINE AND PROCESS OF WORKING GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.20. l9l4.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

Witness?- w. CANFIELD. GLASS WORKING MACHINE AND PROCESS OF WORKING GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.2D. IBM. 1,260,637.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

13 SHEETS-SHED e.

if" u mlllllllllllllllllllllllllflll R. W. CANFIELD. GLASS WORKING MACHINE AND PROCESS OF WORKING GLASS. APPLICATION men AUG.20. 1914.

1,260,637. Patented Mar. 20, 1918.

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lllllml l 'am/m R. W. CANFIELD. GLASS WORKING MACHINE AND PROCESS OF WORKING GLASS.-

' APPLICATION man AUG.20. 1914. 1,260,637. Patented Mar. 26, 1918 3'SHEETS-SHEE1 8.

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IEIHNIII R. W. CANFIELD. GLASS WORKING MACHINE A NDPROCESS 0F WORKING GLASS. A APPLICATION FILED AUG. 20. |9,|4. 1,260,637. Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

I3 SHEETS-SHEET 9 IRE M40 was w. CANFIELD.

GLASS WORKING MACHINE AND PROCESS OF WORKING GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.20. 1914.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

13 SHEETSSHEE1 l0.

I R. w. cmnuo. GLASS WORKING MACHINE AND PROCESS OF WORKING GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.20. 19H.

1,260,637. Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

I3 SHEETS-SHEE1 ll.

Qvitmeooeo H. W. CANTIELD.

GLASS WORKING MACHINE AND PROCESS OF WORKING GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.20. 19:4.

1 5260,3637 Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

13 SHEETS-SHEE'I 12.

R. W. CANFIELD.

GLASS womums MACHINE AND PROCESS or wonxme cuss.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.20. l9l4.

k m 9&3 Mm wk m If m a Di 7 a g Q U 7 5 TM. 7 2 F 5 6 7 1 0 v x\\ & 2 m 13 L u a ma C] Hot/11m UNITED STATES PATENT ROBERT w. GANFIELD; 0F CORNING, NEW YORK, AssIenoR '10 EMPIRE MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0E MAINE.

GLASS-WORKING MACHINE PROCESS OF WORKING GLASS.

To all whom it may concern.

Be-it known that I, ROBERT W. OANFIELD, a citizen of the United States of America,

and a resident of Corning, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvethe production of extremely thin hollow vessels, such as electric lamp bulbs or the finer grades oftumblers and lamp chimneys. The

conditions to be met in the production of this class of goods are exacting. The glass itself must be properly formed into a blank which is homogeneous and has such a distribution of heat topermit its proper expansion and proper flow. Moreover, the blank from which a vessel is to be made must'be of definite mass or have a definite mass from which the article is to be formed. Therefore, the difliculties experienced in the manufacture of such vessels by such a process start with the initial formation of the blank. The part to form each blank must be segregated in some way from a mass of glass and I have.-

found thatthe segregation must be of such a character as prevents the chilling of any portion of the blank in a manner which will Y become subsequently detrimental in the finished article, or if the segregation does not accomplish this, theblankmust subsequently be so treated as will destroy thedeleterious eifects of such improper segregation. The difliculties in segregating the blank are especially noticeable if it be severed from a stream flowing from a furnace or pontil in such a manner that it is chilled at the point of severance and the chilledportion allowed to become a part of the finished article. The desired quantity of glass, having been obtained, it is then, in the process h described, pressed into hollow Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

Application filed August 20, 1914. Serial No. 857,705.

comparatively thick walls, and in this step care must be taken that the surface chill 1mparted to the glass by the button-formin means, While sufiicient to form a sack to 1101 the more fluid interior of the button, be not' so great that the subsequent reheating of such surface will reduce the temperature of the button as a whole to below that of proper working. Q

In the subsequent treatment of the button, and before it is expanded, the surface is allowed to be reheated by conduction from the inner heated mass of glass so that the surface will be sufiiciently plastic to expand in the blowing without rupture.

The machine forming the subject-matter of this application has'for its object to accomplish the objects above noted and to provide a device which is adapted with the minimum manual control to produce ware of the character specified, although it is obvious .that it is capable of producing much coarser articles. For this purpose it consists in a machine hereinafter specified and in the instrumentalities present, many of which are by themselves novel, and as such are claimed per se, as will be hereinafter more fully pointed out and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings in which corresponding parts are designated by'corresponding marks of reference,

Figure l is an elevation of a machine embodying my invention, looking at the loading side thereof.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section, therethro'ngh, taken through loading position.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section therethrough immediately above the water pan.

' Fig. 4 is a corresponding section, the sec- "tions through the several units being taken in different parallel planes.

Fig. 5 is a fragmental side elevation of a unit carrier and certain parts carried thereon. Fig. 6 is a front elevation, "partly in section thereof.

' Fig. 7 is a plan view the starting mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a side view thereof partly in section showing also the friction drive for the starting shaft.

Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the glass cut race-haism and its mounting.

partly in section of Fig. 10 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 11 is a view partly in section of the cutting mechanism and the mug block.

Fig. 12 is a section through the air cylinder of the shearing mechanism.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged vertical section through the glass-carrying spindle and- 1ts mounting and parts associated therewith, while in loading position. a I

Fig. 14 is a front elevation of the glasscarrying spindle.

Fig. 15 is a side view thereof.

Fig. 16 is a side View of the neck-rlng carrier.

Fig. 17 is a section through the driving gear and mounting of the neck ring carrier.

Figs. 18 and 19 are views similar to Figs. 16 and 17 but taken at right angles thereto.

Fig. 20 is a plan view of the gear shown in Figs. 16 and 18.

Fig. 21 is a sectional view showing the main air valve and puff cylinder.

Fig. 22 is a section at right angles thereto.

Fig. 23 is a detail view of the necker.

Fig. 23 is a cross section thereof.

Fig. 24 is a detail view of the external plunger.

Fig. 25 is a top plan view of the mold mechanism.

Fig. 25 is an elevation thereof.

Fig. 26 is a view illustrating my machine with the four units thereof bunched.

Figs. 27 27 27, etc., are series of positional views illustrating the formation by the machine of a bulb for the lamp known as S 19.

Generally speaking, the machine herein disclosed comprises a glass-severing and pressing device, the latter of which is adapted to form a button of glass upon the end of a glass-carrying spindle, of means for swelling such button. after a proper interval to permit the reheating of its surface, of means for moving such spindle with the glassthereon away from the forming device and presenting it to a mold, with a retardation of the spindle in a substantially horizontal position while the spindle is rotating around its longitudinal axis, whereby the glass while being expanded is prevented from unequal flow, and of a mold mechanism cooperating with a blowing mechanism to finish the blank after the latter has elongated after the spindle is in vertical position.

In the form of machine shown herein a single severing and pressing mechanism is employed, with which latter mechanism a series of units, each comprising a glass carrying mechanism, a glass blowing mechanism and a mold mechanism co-act, the glass carrying mechanism of each unit being adapted to co-act in succession with the severing and pressingmechanisms. The units above referred to, while they are driven from a common source of power, are each independently movable in respect to each other in a common path, and are each intermittently arrested at points in such path for certain purposes, the period of arrest at such points being if desired subject to the will of the operator, but without in any way affecting the movement of the otherunits. From this construction it follows that no unit need be arrested while another is stationary. -This gives great flexibility to "the machine in that the masses to be stopped and put in motion are each small and capable of being easily arrested and moved, I and in that the time required for a unit to "complete its own cycle movements is merely determined by the necessity of that unit and not by the necessities of other units with which it may be associated. In the embodiment shown these units take the form of a series of carriers independently movable around a central standard with periods of rest for certain purposes, namely, to have the blank pressed thereon, to permit, if necessary, time for elongation of the blank and finally upon the completion of the cycle of the forming operation. In this way there exists no occasion for making the charging period of one unit coincident or identical with the elongation period of another unit, and, furthermore, in case the operators do not present the flowing stream tothe mold in periods equal to the natural period of the machine, but in periods slightly in excess thereof, they are. not required to permit'on'e unit to pass the charging point, and to wait until the arrival of another unit at that point. Thus the units are movable intermittently around the standard, and in respect to each other and independently of each other.

In the drawings the machine is shown as consisting of a base 1, supporting a tubular central column 2, carrying a stationary cam drum 3, from the head of which arises an upper tubular column 4 which i's braced at its upper end by an arm- 5, carried by the guide standards 6, 6, arising from one end of the base. The base itself may obviously be mounted upon wheel; 7, by which the machine may be transferred from furnace to furnace;

On the guide standards 6, 6, is slidably carried a cross-head 8, which has projecting therefrom, toward the central column of the machine, an arm 9, in which is carried the glass receiver 10, having an open top and bottom. Mounted on the head 5 immediately above the receiver is the pressing air cylinder 11, the piston head of which is carried on the upper end of a piston red, the

latter ha ing a press plunger thereon. Located between the plunger andthe glass receiver is a glass shearing mechanism 13.

The parts above described are non-rotating parts. With them and their actuating mechanism are associated the traveling units, and inasmuch as all of these units are ends of the several unit carriers 22.

of similar construction and derive their motion from the same source it will be sufficient to describe one of them in detail.

Mounted on the base is a suitable motor 14, (by preference electric), which drives through the horizontal shaft 15, beveled gearing 1'5, and vertical shaft 16 (the latter mounted' within the lower column), the pinion 17 mounted upon the upper end of the last named shaft, which pinion in turn meshes with a gear 18, mcunted upon the shaft 19- journaled in the bottom of the cam drum 3 and projecting therethrough, and having upon its lower end, below the bottom of the drum, a pinion 20 meshing with the internal gear 21 upon the gear wheel 21, which latter is sleeved on the upper end of the lower column 2 and which has thereon external ratchet teeth 21".

The lower and upper columns 2 and 4 are each provided with a series of circumferential gIOOVGS 2*, 2 2 and 2 and 4*, 4", 4, 4 separated by annular flanges, each groove forming a bearing, and in the corre-' sponding'bearmgs of the upper and lower columns are journaled the upper and lower In Fig. 2 in which only one unit is shown, it is the upper bee ring of each column that is shown so occupied.

The carriers each consist of vertical intermediate portions 22 and upper and lower inclined end portions 22, 22, which latter are journaled upon the bearings hereinbefore referred to, the inwardly extending projection of such end portions being sufiiciently great to locate the central portions 22 of the carriers upon the outside of the cam drum, around which such carriers may therefore rotate. Upon these carriers the several glass working instrumentalities of the several units are carried.

Carried in suitable bearings 23 near the base of the vertical portion 22 of each carrier 22 is a vertical shaft 24 mounted for rotative movement, and having rigid upon its upper end a dog 25 adapted to engage the,external ratchet teeth- 21, the lower end of the shaft having a tappet arm 26 projecting inwardly therefrom, the dog being normally thrown to engage the ratchet teeth by a spring-pressed rod 27 bearing upon such dog and guided within the web of the carrier, When the dog is so engaged with the ratchet teeth the carrier upon which such dog is mounted will move in unison the trunnion, in which bearing is mounted the tubular glass-working spindle 31. The trunnion has fast on its rear end, that is, on the inner face of the central section of the carrier, a pinion 32 meshing with a rack bar 33 mounted for vertical movement in guides on the inner face of such carrier, the rack bar having projecting from the inner face thereof a stud 34 upon which is mounted a roller 35 running in a peripheral cam 36 on the face of the cam drum 3, the cam being so formed as to oscillate the spindle-carrying cross-head around its horizontal axis formed by the trunnion, in the manner to be hereinafter described. It may be vertical position to a position of 180 there-- from,' to hold the spindle in these positions, and also to hold the spindle in certain intermediate positions.

The spindle consists of several pieces, among others of a sleeve 37 mounted in the transverse bearing in the cross-head, and having fast thereon, above the cross-head, a beveled gear 38 meshing with a beveled driving pinion 39, which is sleeved on the projecting end of the bearing 28 and which has'fast thereto a gear 40. The gear 40 meshes with a pinion 41 sleeved on a tubular shaft 42, projecting through the central section of the carrier above the bearing 28. The rear end of the shaft 42 projects through to the rear face of the carrier and has fast thereon 'abeveled gear 43, meshing with a beveled wheel 44, sleeved on a boss 44 formed on the top of the cam drum 3. Fast to the hub of the wheel 44 is a gear 44 meshing with a pinion 45 fast upon the upper end of the shaft 19 before referred to and driven from the motor by the gears 17 of the gear 41, the member 46 being caused to rotate in unison with the tubular shaft 42 by means of drive pins 49 on the end of such shaft and projecting through suitable apertures in the hub of the member 46. The rod 47 is formed in two pieces with an interposed ball bearing between them to permit the outer end offthe rod which carries the cone to rotate without rotation of the inner end of the rod. The. inner end of the clutch rod'47 carries an anti-friction roller .49 running upon a circumferential cam ring 49 imounted upon the head of the cam disk 3, the contour of this cam ring being such that at times the clutch rod is pushed outwardly through the tubular shaft, thus disengaging the clutch members and arresting the rotation which would otherwise. be

imparted through ,such' clutch to the spindle from the gear 41; The direction or drive of the gear 41 from the motor is such that the rotation imparted to the spindle by the rotation of the wheel 41 is in the same direction as the rotation which is imparted to the spindle/due to the movementof the carrier as a whole'around the drum. I

Onthe lower end of each carrieris a bearing,50 projecting to one side of the carrier,

through which bearing projects the horizontal shaft 51, carrying on its outer end the mold parts 52, the center of the mold being to one side of the axis of the shaft. The in ner end of the mold-carr ing shaft projects to the inside of the bearing 50 and has a crank arm 52 thereon, to which is attached the lower end of a vertical link 53, to the upper end of which is attached one end of a radius bar 54, the other end of which is pivoted on the central section of the carrier. A roller 55 'isoarried on the rear face of the link 53 and works in a .mold lifting cam run 55", on the. cam drum, such cam being so shaped that in the movement of the carrier around the drum/the mold shaft will be oscillated, at times lift the mold andcause the mold cavity therein to be verticaland in alinement with the blow-pipe spindle and at other times causing the mold cavity to be horizontal. At the latter time by reason of the fact that the axis of the mold cavity is off-set from the axis of the moldcarrying shaft 51 the mold will be lowered and be within a water tank 52 formed on the base of the machine.

Mounted upon each carrier intermediate of thespindle bearing 28, and the mold-.

ranged that in its operation a mass of glass is cut by the shearing mechanisms from a stream fed in any suitable way, either from a furnace or from a pontil, into the glass receiver, beneath which the glass-carrying spindle is positioned, is pressed in such re= ceiver into a blank by the pressing mechaposition Where its rotation neutralizes the effects of gravity upon the heated glass and is retarded in this position a'suflicient length of time to ermit the swelling of the blank; The spind e is then further removed on its horizontal axis until it is vertical with the neck ring downwardly, at which time the translatory movement of the carrier may be arrested and the carrier becomes stationary, if elongation has not taken place with sufficient rapidity. .If arrested, the carrier again starts its translatory movement after the blank has sufficiently elongated, and during this further movement of the carrier air ,is admittedjnto the blank carried by the spindle and the mold is closed and an article blown, after which the mold is opened and lowered, and the spindle swings up with the bulb thereon and the carrier again comes to rest, to be again placed, in its turn, beneath glass-receiver. The details of construction of the several parts and of the mechanisms by which these movements are accomplished will now be described.

The glass-severing mechanism.-Mounted on an arm projecting inwardly from one end of the CI'OSS7l'lGfid 8 is an air-cylinder 60 in which is mounted a piston head 60 and rod 60 The glass cutters comprise two pivoted members 61, 61 each of substantially L-form, which are pivoted together at their elbows and to the forward end of the piston-v rod, one arm of each member forming a cutter, while the outer endof the opposite arms of such members are connected by links 62 to'ears 62 -formed on the air cylinder. Thus -the severing mechanism comprises a toggle joint, actuated by the piston in such manner that upon the outward movement of the piston the cutters are projected with the piston and are also closed upon each other. When so projected and closed they pass the axial line of, and above, the glass-receiver, thereby severing any stream. of glass flowing into such receiver.

s.shown, the lower one 61 of these cutting blades has but a slightly beveled face, and

as will be-described, acts upon the upper end glass receiver.

Mounted above the air-cylinder 60 is the valve-chest 63 to which air pressure is supplied through the supply-pipe 63 The chest contains a slide valve 64 actuatedby nism andaflixed to a suitable'neck ring ong a valve stem 65, which latter is pivoted to the carrying spindle. The glass receiver isi ione end of a lever 65 mounted in a projectthen lifted, leaving the glass in the neck ring on the spindle, which is subsequently,

Air is introduced to slightly swell the blank.

The spindle is then moved on its horizontal axlsuntil. it is in a substantially horizontal iiig bearing 65 from the cross head, and having upon its opposite end a, roller 65 working on the face of the cam 66 carried /sliding on each other at such time.

driven through a second beveled gear 69*.

fast thereon, and meshing with one of the beveled gears 15 driven from the main motor. From this construction, it follows that the vertical shaft 67 is driven through a friction clutch, it being capable of being held against rotation, the clutch members For the purpose of thus holding the shaftagainst rotation, the shaft has thereon a disk 70 having a notch 70 therein inwhich is adapted to engage a bolt 7 0", normally held against such disk by means of a spring 70 and adapted to be withdrawn from .such disk by the foot lever 7 0.

A second bolt 7 0, which is spring-pressed,- is also provided, adapted to engage the notch 70*, in a position slightly in angular advance of that which it is engaged by the bolt 70*, such bolt 7 0 havinga pin 7 0 thereon adapted to be engaged forf'the retraction of the bolt by a lever 70 connected through a link 70 and a crank shaft 70* with a vertical push rod 70, carrying near the base of a machine a tappet roller 70, which is adaptedto be depressed by a beveled lug 70 depending from each unitcarrier, as such carrier moves into loading position, whereby the bolt 70 will be retracted at such time.

On depressing the lever 70, the bolt 70 is withdrawn from the notch in the disk, and the shaft 67 is frictionally driven, rotating the cam 66 and shifting the valve 64 to admit air into the severing cylinder to project the piston thereof and sever the glass. The parts are so proportioned, and the air pressure is such that under these conditions,

the cutters close quickly and with considerable velocity, and to such extent that the upper end of the severed mass of lass has not sufficient time to fall away rom the lower blade before its upper end is thrown a to one side, whereby it'is caused to fall, not

into the center of the glass-receiver (which would locate the cut end at the bottom of the finished bulb), but to one side of such center, where it will be worked into the mass of glass when the latter is pressed, and where it is more subject to re-heating from the heat ofthe mass, and where it is less detrimental. Upon the liftin' portion of the cam 66, passing from 'un er the valve lever, the valve is shifted to its original position, and air pressure is admitted to the opposite end of the cylinder, thus retracting the piston. 9 For the purpose of cushioning the inward stroke of the piston, at which time no work is being done in severing glass, I provide 'a supplemental port 71, which at this time, is covered by the valve, such port, serving merely as an inflow port on the out-stroke, and being covered on the return-stroke and provides an atmospheric cushion within the cylinder. In other words I provide an inlet port 7 2 for the instroke of the piston '60, which port serves also as anoutlet port on the outstroke of the piston, and separate inlet and outlet ports 71 and 73, for the out-stroke of the piston, such ports being closed respectively, by the valve against outflow and inflow. I

The glass receioer.The glass receiver comprises a ring block 10 removably mounted in a vertical perforation through the arm 9 of the cross-head 8, the size of the ring block being slightly less than the aperture in which it is contained, to permit it to assume alinement'with cooperating parts, and to prevent sticking when heated. The cross-head 8 as a whole is guided for vertical movement on the guide standards 6, 6 and is actuated for this vertical movement by being connected to the upper end of a piston rod 74, the lower end of which has a piston head 7l thereon contained within the vertical air-cylinder 75 bolted to the machine base. From the opposite ends of the. cylinder ainpipes 76, 76 lead to a valve-chest 7 6 fastened to one of the guide standards, and containin a double-actin slide valve, the stem 7 6 0 which is actuate by a camdrum 77 located on the vertical controlling shaft 67 before referred to, the construction bein such that air is alternatively admitte above, and below, the piston head to raise and lower the piston rod 74. The lifting of the piston results in a lifting of the cross-head 8, and of the glass-receiving and glass severing mechanisms carried thereon, and the timing of the parts is such that when the machine is at rest and ready to receive a charge the crosshead is down the lower limit of its movement and the shears are opened.

Mounted on the top of the head 5 is the press cylinder 11 containing the vertically moving piston rod 78 and piston-head 7 8 nd connected with a valve chest 79 by the pipes 7 9 and 79, such valve chest containlng a slide valve which is controlledin its movement by the cam drum 80 mounted on the upper end of the controlling shaft 67, the position of this cam being such that" when the machine is normally at rest the piston rod 78 is lifted to its upper limit of movement.

The lower end of the piston rod 7 Scarries acup-shaped press plunger 81, which has an" external diameter adapting it to slide snugly within the glass-receiver 10, and has an internal cavity of the size desired for the exterior of the finished blank. The cup 81 has a port 81* therein extending from its outside to the top of the cavity, at which latter point is located a headed valve stem 81*, which by pressure of a spring 81 is forced down thus unsealin such port. Thus on the plunger descendmg upon the glass contained in the glass-receiver, the trapped air is allowed to escape through the port'81 and the glass to fill the entire cavity. When this has taken place, the valve 81 is lifted by the glass and the aperture closed, thus preventing the clogging of the same byglass extruding therein. The ressure on the press-plunger is ample to orce vthe glass to make a perfect blank of the desired contour.

The above constitutes the non-translatory elements of the machine, and a complete machine comprises one each of-such elements. With them are associated certain translatory elements which may vary in number, such translatory elements comprising the glass-carrying spindles, the blowin mechanisms, the mold mechanisms and t e neckers, and all of which are mounted upon the unit carriers rotating around the central axis of the machine.

The unit carriers and their translating mechanism.Each unit-carrier 22, as before stated, comprises a middle portion which, for strength, is of I section, and which has bolted to its upper and lower ends, inclined members 22",.22, the inner ends of which are formed into bearings mounted upon the u per and lower columns; 2 and 4.; Each of the carriers is intermittently driven around such column by the engagement of the driving dog 25 carried thereon with teeth 21 of "the constantly rotating ratchet wheel 21. The dog is however adapted to be lifted out of the ratchet teeth by means of the tappet arm 26 on the shaft 24 striking, in the travel of the carrier, stop pins 82, 82, 82 projecting upwardly from the base of the machine. These pins are located at certam angular positions where it is desired that the carriers may be arrested. In the machine shown, these positions are loading, 21. .e., that position in Which the glass-receiver is cooperative relation with the glass-recelving and pressing mechanism; the' position of elongation, and a position of unloading.

Each of these pins is adapted to be retracted out of the path of the tappet arm 26, whereupon the spring pressed rod 27 behind the dog, forces the dog into the engagement with the ratchet teeth. The pin 82 which arrests the carrier at the loadingposition has its lower end connected with one arm of a double crank shaft 83 mounted below the base of the machine, the other arm of which projects upwardly and is connected by a link 83*, to the tail of a lever 83", the nose of which is located adjacent to the notched disk 7 0 on the controlling shaft 67 Such disk carries a stud 84, adapted on the rotation of such shaft, and after the cross-head-air-cylinder valve 76 has been actuated to cause the lifting of such cross head, and of the glass-receiver 10 to strike such lever, and to thus oscillate the crank shaft 83 and withdraw the pin 82. Under these conditions, the dog upon the carrier at loading position will be thrown into engagement with the ratchet teeth of wheel 21, and the carrier will be setin motion. The travel will continue until the tappet arm 26 on the dog shaft strikes the elongation stop pin 82, when the carrier will be. again arrested. This pin can be retracted by means of a foot lever 84 by an operator at the proper time (and which may be held retracted by a detent 84, if desired) and when'such pin is so retracted the carrier again resumes movement to be again arrested by the unloading stop pin 82, which may be retracted by a foot lever 85. Upon the depression of such foot-lever 85, the driving dog 25 again goes into mesh with a ratchet tooth in the wheel 21 and the carrier resumes its travel and may then continue to travel until it Is arrested by the loading stop pin. It may be,

however, that the interval of loading is greater than the natural time rate of the machine, and that in this manner, one of the carriers maybe in the loading position at the timethe succeeding carrier approaches such position. To take care of this condition, each carrier has projecting from the rearward side thereof, a finger 86-which is adapted to contact with the tappet arm 26, upon any carrier which approaches too closely to the rear thereof, and by oscillating the dog shaft disengage the driving dog 24 of such following carrier, from the driving ratchet and thus arrest the movement of such succeeding carrier until the; carrier in advance thereof has again moved forward.

In this way, the unit carriers are each inde-' pendently movable around the central axis and each at its own rate and may be independently and at will started and stopped in their travel, while if one unit carrier overtakes at any point in the path of travel by reason of this stoppage a carrier in front, thereof, it will be automatically arrested until such time as the front carrier moves forward. i v

The glass spindle.1n the description of this part of the machine,'the terms upper and lower, and top and bottom, will beused with reference to the position the parts assume at the loading and the term erect will be used to designate the loading position of the spindle although during certain steps in the operation of the machine shoulder 37, on one side of the cross-head,

and by lock nuts 37, upon the other, and contains a bushing 87. The lower end of the sleeve 37 is, internally threaded, and receives a double nut 89 between the top of which and i the bushing is interposed a hollow spacer 90 packing 90 being interposed between the spreader and the nut, and the spreader and the bushing. Within the upper end of the lower part of such rin spring. Locatedwithin the sleeve, and proformed at their upper ends.

jecting through the central apertures of the double nut 89, the spacer 90and the ring 91, is contained the air tube 92, which has its lower end threaded to engage the internal thread in the nut 89, by which it is locked in place. By turning the tube within the nut, the former may shift axially within the bushing. 7

Located within the tube 92 is the plunger 93 having on its upper end and projecting beyond the tube a domed head 94 of proper shape to give the desired configuration to the internal cavity of the blank, By preference, this head is made removable in order to accommodate machines'to different styles of blanks. The lower portion of the plunger is formed by a reduced stem 93' which proj ects through a packed cap 92 on the lower end of the tube 92, such stem having a collar 93 thereon, and located between this collar, and a pin 95 contained within the tube and passing through a vertical slot in the stem, is a spring 95, which has for its purpose retracting or withdrawing the plunger.

The spindle sleeve 37 has, as before stated, fast thereon, the beveled gear wheel ,38, by which such spindle is rotated. Diametrically opposite eachother and pro ecting upwardly from the upper face of the gear 38 are upstanding ears 96, having shoulders 96 Intermediate of these shoulders and the beveled gear, the upstanding ears are tapped as at 96? to receive screw-pins 96 which form the pivotal axes for'the opening and closing movement of the neck ring.

.The neck ring carrier 97 consists of two halves, each half having depending from the lower surface thereof, a bifurcated leg 97, the major axis of which is parallel to the line of division of the carrier, and isof sufiicient length to fit between the upstanding ears 96 on the top surface of the gears 38, and to be pivoted to such ears by the pins 96, thereby forming pivotal bearings for the neckring.

Each bifurcated leg is further provided with fingers 97 projecting outwardly therefrom.

Surrounding the upstanding cars 96, which have their corners finished to a radius from the center of the-gear, and also surrounding the legs 97*, and guided thereby, is the actuating collar 98, which is located above the fingers97 so that upon the downward movement of such collar which will depress the ends of the fingers 97 the neck ring carrier is opened by movements of its parts on the pivot pins 96, while on an upward movement of the collar, the upper edge I thereof strikes the beveled faces 97 formed upon the lower side of the neck ring carrier, and thus forces the latter closed, 1n which position it will be held by the continued upward movement of the'collar, which is of suflicient internal diameter to pass around the outside of the neck ring carrier. For the purpose of causing this movement of the collar it hasan annular groove upon its periphery in which are contained blocks 98, mounted upon the upper end of links 98*. The lower end of these links are pivoted to a yoke handle 98 pivo'ted upon a bracket 98 carried by the cross head 30 so that by shifting the handle up and down,'the neck ring may be closed and opened. Reference 1s here made to Figs. 14 and 15, which shows the spindle in an inverted position.

Seated within the neck ring carrier is the neck ring 98, this also being made in two parts, divided in same plane as the neck that when the. spindle is erect and the carrier upon which it ismounted in loading posi tion, and the cross head 8 is down, the upper end of the neck ring is sealed against the lower surface of the arm 9, theupper outer edge of the ring being beveled to make a close joint therewith. An internal flange 98 is formed at the top of the ring slightly above the-top of the follower 91. 7 Thus the upper part of the neck ring forms a downward continuation of the glass receiving cavity and the bottom of such cavity is formed by the spindle parts.

Mounted cylinder 75, and between the guide standards 6, 6 is a lever 99, the inner end of which I projects beneath the stem 93 of each unit path of movement of a tappet roller 99" mounted on the piston rod 74, the position of the parts being such that upon the deor. a support 99 arising from-the 

